2024山东省学位英语阅读理解（二）

Passage One

The concept of globalization has been a hot topic in recent decades. It refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world's economies, cultures, and societies. Globalization has been driven by various factors, including advances in technology, transportation, and communication.
One of the main benefits of globalization is the expansion of trade. Companies can access larger markets, leading to increased production and economic growth. It also allows for the sharing of ideas and technologies across borders, which can stimulate innovation.
However, globalization also brings challenges. It can lead to job losses in some industries as companies move production to countries with lower labor costs. There are also concerns about the impact on cultural identity and the environment.

1. What does globalization mean?
A. The isolation of economies.
B. The increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world.
C. The decline of technology.
D. The restriction of cultural exchanges.

2. What has driven globalization?
A. Declining transportation and communication.
B. Lack of technological advances.
C. Advances in technology, transportation, and communication.
D. Increased trade barriers.

3. What is one of the main benefits of globalization?
A. Reduction of trade.
B. Expansion of trade.
C. Limitation of innovation.
D. Decrease in economic growth.

4. What challenges does globalization bring?
A. Job creation in all industries.
B. Positive impact on cultural identity.
C. Job losses in some industries and concerns about cultural identity and the environment.
D. Improvement of the environment.

5. What is the overall tone of the passage about globalization?
A. Unconditionally positive.
B. Unconditionally negative.
C. Objective with both advantages and disadvantages.
D. Indifferent.

答案及解析：
（1）答案：B
解析：“It refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world's economies, cultures, and societies.” 说明全球化是指世界经济、文化和社会日益相互联系和相互依存，答案选 B。
(2)答案：C
解析：“Globalization has been driven by various factors, including advances in technology, transportation, and communication.” 表明全球化是由技术、交通和通信的进步等因素推动的，答案选 C
(3)答案：B
解析：“One of the main benefits of globalization is the expansion of trade.” 可知全球化的主要好处之一是贸易的扩大，答案选 B
(4)答案：C
解析：“It can lead to job losses in some industries as companies move production to countries with lower labor costs. There are also concerns about the impact on cultural identity and the environment.” 说明全球化带来的挑战包括一些行业的工作岗位流失以及对文化认同和环境的担忧，答案选 C
(5)答案：C
解析：文章既阐述了全球化的好处，如贸易扩张和技术思想共享，又提到了其带来的挑战，如工作岗位流失和文化环境问题，所以整体基调是客观的，既有优点也有缺点，答案选 C。

Passage Two

E-books have become increasingly popular in recent years. They offer several advantages over traditional printed books. For one thing, they are more convenient. You can carry a whole library of e-books on a single device, such as a tablet or an e-reader. This makes it easy to access your favorite books anywhere and at any time.
Another advantage is cost-effectiveness. Many e-books are cheaper than their printed counterparts, and there are often free e-books available online. Additionally, e-books are more environmentally friendly as they reduce the need for paper production.
However, e-books also have some drawbacks. Some people prefer the feel of a physical book in their hands and the experience of turning the pages. There are also concerns about eye strain when reading from electronic devices for long periods.

1. Why are e-books more convenient?
A. Because they are heavier than printed books.
B. Because you can carry many on one device and access them easily.
C. Because they are only available in libraries.
D. Because they are more expensive to buy.

2. What is an advantage of e-books in terms of cost?
A. They are always more expensive.
B. They are usually cheaper and sometimes free.
C. They have the same price as printed books.
D. They cost more to produce.

3. Why are e-books more environmentally friendly?
A. Because they use more paper.
B. Because they reduce the need for paper production.
C. Because they are made of plastic.
D. Because they are difficult to recycle.

4. What are the drawbacks of e-books?
A. They are too light.
B. People prefer physical books and there are concerns about eye strain.
C. They are always free.
D. They are too difficult to read.

5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The history of books.
B. The advantages and disadvantages of e-books.
C. The importance of reading.
D. The future of printing.
答案及解析：
(1)答案：B
解析：“You can carry a whole library of e-books on a single device, such as a tablet or an e-reader. This makes it easy to access your favorite books anywhere and at any time.” 说明电子书方便是因为可以在一个设备上携带很多，并且随时随地容易访问，答案选 B。
(2)答案：B
解析：“Many e-books are cheaper than their printed counterparts, and there are often free e-books available online.” 表明电子书在成本方面的优势是通常更便宜，有时还可以免费获得，答案选 B
(3）答案：B
解析：“e-books are more environmentally friendly as they reduce the need for paper production.” 说明电子书更环保是因为减少了纸张生产的需求，答案选 B
（4）答案：B
解析：“However, e-books also have some drawbacks. Some people prefer the feel of a physical book in their hands and the experience of turning the pages. There are also concerns about eye strain when reading from electronic devices for long periods.” 说明电子书的缺点是有些人喜欢实体书的感觉以及存在长时间阅读电子设备导致眼睛疲劳的担忧，答案选 B
（5）答案：B
解析：文章主要讲述了电子书相比传统印刷书籍的优势，如方便、成本效益和环保等，也提到了其缺点，如人们对实体书的偏好和眼睛疲劳问题，所以主旨是电子书的优缺点，答案选 B。

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