2023年山东学位英语考试阅读理解（八）

Accidents(事故,意外的事) are caused: they don’t just happen. The reason may be easy to see: a shelf(架子) out of reach,a patch (补丁,小块土地)of ice on the misfortune(不幸,灾祸,灾难)-frustration(挫折,灰心丧气)，tiredness (劳的,累的)or just bad temper(脾气)-that show what the accident reallyis，a sort of attack(进攻,攻击) on oneself.

Road accidents，for example,happen frequently(经常地,屡次地) after a family quarrel( 争吵)，andwe all know people who are accident-prone(有...倾向的)，so often at odds(因难) with themselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.

By definition(定义,解说)，an accident is something you can not predict(预言,预告,预测) or avoid(避免,回避,躲开)，and the idea which used to be current(当前的,通用的)，that the majority (多数,大多)of road accidents are caused by a minority(少) of criminally careless(翔心的) drivers. is not supported by insurance(保险,保险费) statistics(统计,统计数字). These show that most accidents involve(使卷入,牵涉)ordinary(普通的)motorists(开汽车的人) i a moments of carelessness(粗心)r thoughtlessness.(欠考虑的,自私的)

It is not always clear，either, what sort of conditions(条件,状况) make people more likely(可能的很可能) to have an accident，For instance(例子,实例,事例)，the law requires(需要,要求) all factoriesto take safety precautions and most companies(公司) have safety committees(委员会,全体委员) to make sure the regulations(规则,规章,管理)are observed(观察)，but still，every day in Britain， some fifty thousand men and women are injured (伤害,损害,损伤)from work due(由于,应归于) to accidents. These accidents are largely the result of human error (错误差错)or misjudgment-noise and fatigue(疲劳劳累).boredom(烦恼,无聊)or worry are possible factors (因素)which contribute(有助于.,促成) to this. Doctors who work in factories have found that those who drink too much, usually people who have a high anxiety(焦虑,忧虑,渴望) level，run three times the normal risk (风险,危险,冒险)of accidents at work.

6.The passage suggests that_

A) Accidents are usually caused by psychological(心理的,心理学的) factors.

B) Accidents mostly result(是由”.造成的) from slippery(滑的,使人滑跤的) roads.

C) Drinkers run three times the normal risk of accidents in factories.

D) About 50 000people lose their lives at work in Britain every day.

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned(提到,说起) as a factor of accidents?

A) Mood.(心情,情绪,语气)          B) Tiredness.(劳的,累的)              C) Carelessness (粗心)          D)

8.The word “accidents-prone”(L.2 Para.2)means_

A) likely to have accidents                     B) injured in accidents

C) possible to die in accidents              D) responsible(有责任的,负责的) for road accidents

9.What can we infer(推论,推断,猜想) about the author’opinion (意见,看法)of accidents?

A) Safety precautions(预防,警惕) are of little use in accidents.

B) Many accidents can and should be avoided.(避免)

C) Factory accidents ，unlike (不像,和.不同)road accidents，are inevitable(不可避免的)

D) Most road accidents are caused by just a few careless(粗心的) drivers.

10. The best title for the passage would be

A) Accidents and Anxiety(焦虑,忧虑,渴望)

B) How to Deal with Accidents on Road and in Factories

C) Human Factors in Accidents 

D) How to Prevent(防上,阻) Accidents on Road and in Factories

答案：ADABC

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