2024年学位英语考前模拟3

Part I Vocabulary and Structure 词汇与语法（共20题，每题1.5分，共30分）

1. The purpose目的 of the conference会议 is to _________ the friendship among the Asian countries.

A. heighten   B. promote  C. raise   D. increase

increase 增加，增多 The population is increasing at 6% per year.

raise 举起，抬高  Raise up your hands.

promote  促进，推动，晋升 This cooperation promotes the relationship between us.

heighten ---height高度----high高的   heighten v. 提高，加强

The campaign is to heighten public awareness of this disease.

2. ________ a few spelling mistakes, this composition作文 is well-written.写得不错 

A. But for  B. in spite   C. Besides   D. Except for

but for 相当于without,意思是“要不是；如果没有...”，后面的主句通常用虚拟语气。

but for their help(If they hadn’t help us ),we couldn’t have finished this task.

in spite of 不管，不顾  In spite of the bad weather, he arrived at school on time.

besides 除....之外（包含在范围内）Besides English,she can speak Japanese and French.(她会三门外语，英语包含在她会的范围内)

except 除....之外（不包含在范围内）The library opens except Monday.(Monday不在开门的范围内)

except for 除....之外(从整体中除去部分瑕疵)

3. Nobody was ______ in the office when the manager suddenly had a heart attack.

A. available  B. approachable    C. attainable   D. adaptable

 adaptable adj. 适应的 --adapt   v.调整以适应   

attainable  adj. 可获得的----attain  v. 获得(文凭，学位...)

approachable adj.可接近的，和蔼可亲的-----approach   v.接近，靠近

available adj. 可找到的，有空的 ------avail   v. 找到，利用

4. No sooner __过去完成____ at the Grand Theatre than it started一般过去时 to rain.

A. would they arrive    B. had they arrive

C. did they arrive     D. were they to arrive

否定意义的词位于句首，句子要用部分倒装

No sooner..过去完成时（had+动词过去分词）...than. （动词一般过去时 ）..

5. Each car sold 非谓语动词in this specialized shop专卖店 comes句子的谓语 with a one-year ________.

A. guarantee B. safety   C. security   D. insurance

 Safety和 security 是同义词，表示“安全”，排除这两项

guarantee 保修单，保修证书

insurance 保险，保险业 

6. We decided to move to a quiet place, for因为 we couldn’t _______ the noisy environment here any more. 再也不能

A. go in for  B. hold on to  C. put up with D. keep pace with

go in for 爱好（活动）；对...感兴趣  I go in for swimming.

 hold on to 坚持（信仰，原则，信念等） Hold on to your dreams.

 put up with 忍受，容忍 I can’t put up with their smoking.

keep pace with 与......步调一致；与....齐头并进 Keep pace with the times.与时俱进

7. My wife and I like to spend our weekends in the countryside, for the nights夜晚 there are so ____如此_..._ that 以至于not a sound could be heard. (没有一点声音能被听到)

A. beautiful  B. serene  C. dark    D. fresh

 beautiful 美丽的

dark 黑暗的

fresh 新鲜的

serene 宁静的

8. It is urgent that the seriously wounded 受伤严重的soldier士兵 ________ to the war hospital战地医院 at once.

A. is to be sent B. was sent  C. must be sent  D. （should）be sent

虚拟语气特殊句型：

It is + 某些特定的形容词（necessary,important,urgent, essential,suggestive, suggested,adviable,adviced,recommended,ordered,required,requested...）+ that 从句时，从句中要用 should+动词原形，should可以省略。

排除A,B，C项没有使用should,

士兵是被送到医院的，因此要用被动语态（be动词+动词的过去分词。be sent）

9. The student is trying his best to _______ his teacher of his honesty.

A. prove   B. convince  C. persuade   D. argue

prove 证明 prove sth to somebody  

He proves his abilities to the employer.

convince 使...信服，相信   He convinced the employer of his ability.

persuade 劝说，说服 It is not easy to persuade her to come.

Argue争吵，争论  I don’t want to argue with you.

10. This is the very house ______ my grandpa lived before his death in 1980.

A. which  B. that   C. when    D. where

live 和先行词house之间应该有介词 in

所以这题正确的应该是 in which,或者填关系副词where

11. Of more than three hundred people in the airplane that crashed 撞击last week, only five ________ miraculously.奇迹般地 

A. sustained  B. endured  C. survived   D. maintained

sustain维持（生命、生存）;Which planet can sustain life?

endure 忍受，持久 He had to endure a long wait.

survive幸存，活下来 He survived the earthquake.

maintain维持，保持 The two countries always maintain close relationship.

12. In the advanced course students must take performance tests at regular 有规律的，定期的_______.

A. gaps   B. intervals C. length   D. distance

distance 距离

 length 长度 --long长的

gap缺口；分歧；隔阂  generation gaps代沟

interval 时间间隔

13. If you had taken my advice last week, you _______ in trouble now.

A. must not be     B. must not have been

C. are not to be     D. would not be

If虚拟语气，前半句last week是对过去的虚拟,后半句如果没有now这个词，那么应该是would not have been

而现在后半句中有now,是对现在的虚拟，主句应该用would+ 动词原形

14. The whole day’s hard work in the field gave him a good ______.

A. appetite  B. applause  C. appliance   D. application

applause 喝彩，掌声

appliance  应用    application  申请表，申请

appetite 胃口，食欲

15. During the period of economic depression经济萧条 many companies had to _____ some employees.员工 

A. lay down 放下  B. lay out 展示  C. lay off 开除，解雇

D. lay aside 放在一边，收好

16. The new school building, _______ by the end of 2012, can accommodate提供住宿 more than two thousand students.

A. being accomplished    B. having been accomplished

C. accomplished     D. to be accomplished

句子的主干是：The new school building can accommodate more than two thousand students.

 _______ by the end of 2012, 作为定语来修饰名词building，要用到非谓语动词。Building和accomplish完成之间是被动关系，要用到的是accomplished形式，再看一下时间状语by the end of 2012，原句中使用的谓语动词是can,不是过去式could,因此说明教学楼还没有完成。

17. She _______ tell white lies 善意的谎言to make people feel better, to smooth things over.平息事端 

A. is prone to  B. is subject to   C. is prior to   D. is pretentious to

is prone to 最终证明是

is subject to  受...支配；受...影响

is prior to 优于...

is pretentious to 自命不凡

18. The two companies decided to ______ on a project concerning animal cloning.克隆 

A. compete  B. convince  C. compromise  D. cooperate

cooperate 合作  cooperate with sb.

compromise 妥协，折中

convince   使...相信  convince sb. of sth

 compete 竞争  compete with sb. on sth

19. There was no _____ in complaining about 抱怨the working conditions; the manager would not listen to it any more.

A. aim   B. purpose  C. point    D. meaning

There was no point in doing 做...没有意义

There is no use doing .....

20. I have no objection ________ your design for the new type of machine this time.

A. to adopt  B. to adopting C. to having adopted D. to have adopted

Object v.反对  object to +名词或doing sth.

I have no objection to  +名词或doing sth.

Part II Cloze 完形填空（共20题，每题1分，共20分）

Some people think of life as a game.把...看做... There are similarities相似性 between life and games: both can be played, both have rules, and both turn out winners and losers. There are differences __21__ the two, however. Games make you __22__turn away from life; the more you play, the less you pay __23__ to the more important things in life.

In life, you get only one chance to play. When your life is over, the game is over. Life is not a game. Life is the __24__ thing. Life is unpredictable; you can play it right and still __25__.Life is not always fair; one wrong move or one bad choice may __26__ too many such moves or choices in life. Take a chance with your life and it could be the last chance you get. Life isn’t always fun, but it can be if you decide to make it that __27__.

__28__, the advice is “Enjoy your life; take risks, but don’t engage __29__ risky behavior.” Think __30__ the things you do and the things you shouldn’t do. Don’t play with your life in the following points.

Don’t play with your safety. Don’t ignore proven safety measures. Safety measures and safety equipment have one purpose: to __31__ you safe. _32__ your seat belt when you drive a car; wear a helmet 戴头盔when you __33__ a motorcycle. Your safety is in your __34__.

Don’t play with money. You can make your money _35__ or you can throw it all away. Don’t pay with a credit card信用卡 if you don't have the money to pay __36__ the bill when it comes. Save some of your money. Think twice 三思before __37__ a purchase, no matter how __38__ it is. Skip the cup of coffee or the can of soda each day, and save the money you would have spent. In just a few years, you will have saved thousands of dollars. Save more, and you’ll have more. The habits you __39__ today will affect you financially for the rest of your life. Learn how to __40__ your money.

21. A. beyond B. besides C. between D. among

22. A. engage  in   B. turn   in/ out/ up/down/over/away from远离  C. change   D. think  of/about

23. A. attention 关注  B. resistance抵制，抵抗     C. importance   D. vacation假期

24. A. proud 自豪的  B. short短的   C. false  假的  D. real

25. A. lose    B. succeed  C. pass   D. earn挣

26. A. awake 唤醒    B. permit 允许   C. cause   导致   D. arise出现

27. A. energy   B. trip   C. hope   D. way

28. A. Besides   B. Thus 因此  C. Also   D. But

29. A. at B. out C. in D. to

30. A. about  B. with  C. beside    D. down

31. A. turn  B. keep  C. gain   D. reach

32. A. Fasten 系，扣  B. Prevent阻止   C. Pretest 测试，检查  D. Resist抵制

33. A. get  B. sit on  C. move   D. ride骑

34. A. gloves手套   B. areas区域  C. hands    D. sights视线

35. A. intend  B. shorten  C. grasp   D. grow

36. A. at  B. for  C. with   D. out

37. A. make B. take C. making D. taking

38. A. small B. short C. high D. big

39. A. develop，form B. extend C. instruct D. offend

40. A. promote  B. manage掌控 C. consider D. overlook

Part III Reading Comprehension （共8题，每题2.5分，共20分）

Passage 1: Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage.

For centuries Dutch engineers have been fighting a war against water. Their main enemy is the sea. A large part of the country is below sea level. In fact, Holland is also called the “Netherlands” which means “low land.” Very tall and strong walls, called dykes, have built to keep out the sea. But in very rough weather the sea may suddenly burst through a dyke. Great damage can be caused by floods when this happens.

Three large rivers are also part of the problem. These rivers are the Rhine, the Maas and the Scheldt. They flow through Holland into the North Sea. They have cut many passages across the country. At low tides, the rivers flow into the sea as usual. But at high tide, the sea can flow into the rivers! This is because the land is so low.

The battles against the water never end, but they have made Holland a bigger and bigger country. In order to prevent floods, the engineers take or reclaim land that was under water. The Dutch have been reclaiming land for seven hundred years.

Land is usually reclaimed from a passage between islands. Two dykes are built across the passage, so they block the water between them. Then the engineers dig long canals and pump the water into them. At low tide, the canals empty the water into the sea.

Because the land is so low, water from the sea and rivers can rise up through the ground. For this reason, the pumps continue working even the land has been drained (that is, when the water has been pumped away). The dykes contain gates, and through these the water is pumped out. In many parts of Holland, pumps must be working all the time. If they stopped, there will be very bad floods.

41. Water is the main threat to Holland because ____.

A. the sea is too rough        

B. the land is lower than the sea

C. the high and strong dykes can not keep the floods out  

D. the weather is too rough

42. Holland is threatened not only by the sea, but also by ____.

A. the floods from broken dykes  

B. the three rivers

C. the sea tides      

D. many passages the three rivers have cut across the country

43. The Holland claim land from the sea in order to ____.

A. prevent floods         B. make their country larger

C. make their country more beautiful  D. have more farmland

44. If pumps stop working there will be very bad floods because _____.

A. the water will run back at high tide

B. the sea may break the dykes in rough weather

C. the battle against water will never end

D. the land is too low and water can rise up through the drained land

Passage 2: Questions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage.

The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th-century cafes of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politics, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare.

And yet, city life isn’t easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing. Just being in an urban environment, they have found, impairs (损害) our basic mental processes. After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self-control. While it’s long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so.

One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain. Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see trees from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a lawn. Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life.

This research arrives just as humans cross an important milestone (里程碑). For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities. Instead of inhabiting wide-open spaces, we’re crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by traffic and millions of strangers. In recent years, it’s become clear that such unnatural surroundings have important implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think.

45. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?

A. The city inspires talented people.    

B. The city hurts your brain.

C. The city has many pleasures and benefits.    

D. The city seriously affects the natural balance.

46. The word “metropolis” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_______.

A. citizen     B. nature   C. city    D. stress

47. People have just come to realize that_______.

A. human attention is a scarce resource    

B. city life can make people very tired

C. the city is an engine of intellectual life  

D. an urban environment is damaging to the brain

48. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Different aspects (方面) of an urban environment, such as the crowded streets, can lead to an increase in self-control.

B. Small changes in urban design cannot reduce the negative side effects of city life.

C. For the first time in history, the earth’s population is more urban than rural.

D. A walk down a busy city street will improve brain performance.

Part IV. Translation 句子汉译英（共5题，每题3分，共15分）

49. 我们知道肺癌至少部分地是由于吸烟引起的。

50. 很明显，他对整个事件的陈述与事实不符。

51. 你应该充分利用这次出国机会好好学习。

52. 只要你坚持不懈地努力，你一定会攻克这个医学难题。

53. 政府正在采取各种措施来提高偏远山区人民的生活水平。

Part V Writing （15分）

54. Directions: You are to write in no less than 100 words on the topic On Advertising You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below.

1．有人说广告使消费者更好地了解商品性能和优越性，买到更满意的产品。

2．有人说广告片面夸大商品性能和优越性，误导消费者。

3．你的观点，如何解决广告的误导效应。

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