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山东省学位英语考试的常考语法点
整理编辑:山东学位英语考试网 发布时间:2025-03-15 09:24:40 阅读量:
以下是山东省学位英语考试常考的语法点总结,结合高频考点和易错题型,帮助考生精准备考:
一、时态与语态(每年必考 3-5 题)
现在完成时
标志词:since, for, yet, already, recently
注意:非延续性动词(die, marry)不可与时间段连用
示例:I have lived in Jinan since 2020.
过去完成时
用于 “过去的过去”,常与 by/before + 过去时间连用
示例:By last year, she had graduated.
将来完成时
结构:will have + 过去分词
示例:By next month, we will have finished the project.
被动语态
常考:感官动词(feel, look)和表示 “需要” 的动词(need, require)
示例:The problem needs solving (或 to be solved).
二、虚拟语气(高频易错点)
If 引导的条件句
对现在虚拟:If + 过去式(were),主句 would/could + 动词原形
对过去虚拟:If + had done,主句 would/could have done
示例:If I were you, I would study harder.
特殊结构
wish/suggest/insist 后的从句用虚拟(should + 动词原形,should 可省略)
示例:I suggest that he (should) take the exam.
三、从句引导词(每年必考 2-3 题)
定语从句
关系代词:that(人 / 物), which(物), who(人)
关系副词:where(地点), when(时间)
示例:The book that/which I bought is useful.
状语从句
时间状语:while(强调同时性), when(先后), until(直到)
条件状语:if, unless(主将从现)
示例:Unless it rains, we will go out.
名词性从句
主语从句:It is clear that he is wrong.
宾语从句:I know what you need.
四、主谓一致(易错点)
集体名词:family, team 等,强调整体用单数,强调个体用复数
示例:The team is the best. / The team are arguing.
就近原则:either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also
示例:Neither you nor he is right.
五、非谓语动词(高频考点)
现在分词(-ing):表示主动或进行
示例:Running in the park, she met a friend.
过去分词(-ed):表示被动或完成
示例:The broken window was repaired.
不定式(to do):表示目的或将来
示例:He came to help me.
六、倒装结构(每年 1-2 题)
否定词开头:hardly, never, seldom, not only
示例:Never have I seen such a thing.
so/such...that:So fast did he run that I couldn’t catch him.
七、情态动词
推测用法:
must have done(肯定推测)
can’t have done(否定推测)
示例:He must have left already.
虚拟语气:
should have done(本应该做却没做)
示例:You should have told me earlier.
八、形容词与副词
比较级与最高级:
多音节词前加 more/most(beautiful → more beautiful)
固定搭配:as...as, not so...as
修饰关系:
形容词修饰名词(a beautiful girl)
副词修饰动词 / 形容词(run fast, very good)
九、固定搭配
动词短语:take care of, look forward to, give up
介词搭配:interested in, responsible for, good at
连词结构:both...and, either...or, neither...nor
十、高频易错点总结
备考建议:
重点突破时态、虚拟语气、从句引导词,占语法题 60% 以上。
整理错题时标注错误类型(如 “主谓一致 - 集体名词”),针对性复习。
每天练习 10 道语法题,培养 “考点敏感度”,如看到 “by + 将来时间” 立刻想到将来完成时。
通过以上高频考点的系统梳理,可快速提升语法题得分率,建议结合山东省历年真题进行强化训练。
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